3D MOLECULAR CYTOLOGY OF HOP (HUMULUS LUPULUS) MEIOTIC CHROMOSOMES REVEALS NON-DISOMIC PAIRING AND SEGREGATION, ANEUPLOIDY, AND GENOMIC STRUCTURAL VARIATION

3D Molecular Cytology of Hop (Humulus lupulus) Meiotic Chromosomes Reveals Non-disomic Pairing and Segregation, Aneuploidy, and Genomic Structural Variation

Hop (Humulus lupulus L.) is an important crop worldwide, known as the main flavoring ingredient in beer.The diversifying brewing industry demands variation in flavors, superior process properties, and sustainable agronomics, which are the focus of advanced molecular breeding efforts in hops.Hop breeders have been limited in their ability to create

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A novel method for the quantitative characterization of the simultaneous plasticizing and filling performance in ultrasonic plasticization micro injection molding

A novel method is proposed for the quantitative characterization of the unique simultaneous plasticizing and filling phenomenon in ultrasonic plasticization micro-injection molding (UPMIM).The injection rate is redefined as the mass flow rate during the melt filling in the cavity.The shape of the cavity was designed as a mechanical test sample scal

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